Geoeges gaetalsr louis velloni



(No Model.) G. G. L. VELLONI.

ELBGTRIG BATTERY.

Patented Dee. 18. 1883.

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lllnrTnn STATES FATENT Orricn.

GEGRGES GATAN LOUIS VELLONI, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ELECTRIC BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 290,654, dated December 18, 1883.

Application led June 15, 1883.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonens GATAN Louis VELLONI, of the city of Paris,.France, have invented a new and Improved Electric Battery, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to a new construction of electric battery, which is represented in the drawings, in which--A Figure l is a perspective view of the pile. Fig. 2 is a side view, partly in section, of the battery; Fig. 3, a top View of the same. Fig. et is a sectional elevation of the apparatus when constructed for automatic introduction of sulphuric acid.

i The pile is formed of a plate, a, of ebonite or other insulating matter, supporting two carbon plates, b, between which is placed a piece of amalgamated zinc, c. This zinc dips into a porous cell or a perforated india-rubber receptacle, d, which is secured to the plate a by means of clips or braces, so as to be easily removed. The cell filled with an exciting salt, is plunged into an outer rectangular cell, as shown in Figs. This mode of construction allows the pile to be taken out of the liquid in the outer cell during the time that the pile is not in ac tion. It is also preferable,whena certain number of cells are required, to mount the pile in the form of a windlass-battery. In order to charge this battery, the water is saturated with trichromate of potash or soda, and for each liter of this liquid sixty milliliters of ordinary sulphuric acid are added.

The trichromate of potash is prepared in the following manner: Ten liters of water at are saturated with bichromate of potash. Then to this solution are added one hundred milliliters nitric acid` at 400, and it is then poured to furnish a current of more than four hours, a receptacle may be provided from which from (No model.)

l fteen to twenty milliliters of sulphuric acid will be discharged in single drops into each cell per hour. The constancy of my battery is due to the arrangement of the zinc plunging into the salt with which the porous perforated cell is furnished. The heat produced by the attack of the zinc facilitates the dissolving of the crystals of trichromate, which maintain the solution at the same degree of saturation. The

Vcrystals absorb in reducing themselves the rising hydrogen which annuls polarization.

In case it is wished to produce acurrent still more powerful, I can eect this in the following manner: To two kilograms of yellow chromate of potash wet are added one thousand eight hundred grams of ordinary sulphuric acid. The chromate oxidizes and becomes red. Vhen the mass has become hard, it is dissolved warm in one liter of water, and during the cooling are added one hundred milliliters of nitric acid per liter of liquid. One-third of this solution,which does not crystallize, mixed with water, is employed to charge the pile. The lining of the porous cell is .made with crystals of trichromate of potash prepared according to the foregoing specification.

Fig. et of the drawings represents the genera-l arrangement that I employ for automatically introducing into the pile the sulphuric acid in order to maintain the current constant during a considerable period of time. I have shown this arrangement as a specimen only applied to a pile set up in battery; but it is equally applicable to an isolated cell or to any number of cells, no matter how they may be built up.

In Fig. 4, a represents the cells of the piles, from which in the drawings the elementsb a-re drawn out. c is a glass tube furnished with as many downwardly-projecting nipples d as there are cells to supply with sulphuric acid. These nipples are tapered to a capillary point, to prevent air entering through them when once the vessel e is charged with acid. The tube c communicates with a flask, c, filled with filtered sulphuric acid. This fiask c is furnished with a tube, f,which communicates by means of an india-rubber tube, g,with another curved tube, h, of which the free extremity 1) dips into a small bowl, j, filled with mercury. This tube h is affixed to an iron armature, k,

turning upon a pivot, which allows it to be at ICO 'gains afresh its primitive vigor.

traeted by the electro-magnet Zwhen the same is rendered active. An .Ampere meter, m, placed in the pile-eircuit, enables the differences of intensity of the current to be observed. If the intensity of the current diminishes to a certain extent. the needle of the Ampre meter is arranged so as to close the circuit of a pile,-n, and render active the electro-magnet Z. The armature L is then attracted, and the tube lz, quitting the bowl of mercury j, allows the air to penetrate int-o the ilask @,which contains sulphuric acid. This liquid then ilows into each of the cells by the-tube @and nipples d, and replaces the acid which has been decomposed by the attackable element. The pile re- The needle 0f the Ampre meter, in again rising, opens the circuit of the pile n. rihe electro-magnet Z, being no longer active, allows the tube 7L to i'all back into the mercury, the passage of air is interrupted, and the ilow of the sulphurie acid stopped, to take place again as soon as the intensity of the current diminishes to the determined extent. rlhis arrangement allows the pile to absorb as much sulphurie acid as it requires, which will be according to and in proportion as it is necessary, and the intensity can thus be maintained in such a manner that it never diminishes more thana quarter of an Ampere.

I claim nothing that is shown in English Patent No. 4,060 of 1881, nor in the Letters Patent of the United States numbered 185,160.

I claiml. In an electric battery, the combination of the outer cell with the inner porous cell, d, having its inner face lined with crystals of triehromate of potash or soda, as exciter, and with the interior plate, e, of zinc, substantially as described, and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination,with the pile, of an Ampre meter and its needle, the electro-magnet Z, armature k, flask e, air-pipe f, means, substa-ntially as described, for closing and opening said pipej' by the movement of the armature, and the distributing-pipe c, substantially as herein shown and described.

Ihe foregoing specification of my new system of electric pile of constant intensity signed by me.

GEORGES GAETAN LOUIS VELLONI. Vitne/sses:

Roer. M. Hoeren, JEAN Biirrrsrn ROLLAND. 

